HA210910

Product name:	Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer), C-His Tag
Catalog No.:	HA210910
Bio-Activity:	Measured by its ability to enhance IFN-gamma secretion in NK-92 human natural killer lymphoma cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.5-2 ng/mL.
Purity:	>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Endotoxin:	Less than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.
Formulation:	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH7.4, 5% Trehalose, 5% mannitol.

Background:	IL-12 is involved in the differentiation of naive T cells into Th1 cells. It is known as a T cell-stimulating factor, which can stimulate the growth and function of T cells. It stimulates the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) from T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, and reduces IL-4 mediated suppression of IFN-γ. T cells that produce IL-12 have a coreceptor, CD30, which is associated with IL-12 activity. IL-12 plays an important role in the activities of natural killer cells and T lymphocytes. IL-12 mediates enhancement of the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. There also seems to be a link between IL-2 and the signal transduction of IL-12 in NK cells. IL-2 stimulates the expression of two IL-12 receptors, IL-12R-β1 and IL-12R-β2, maintaining the expression of a critical protein involved in IL-12 signaling in NK cells. Enhanced functional response is demonstrated by IFN-γ production and killing of target cells. IL-12 also has anti-angiogenic activity, which means it can block the formation of new blood vessels. It does this by increasing production of interferon gamma, which in turn increases the production of a chemokine called inducible protein-10 (IP-10 or CXCL10). IP-10 then mediates this anti-angiogenic effect. Because of its ability to induce immune responses and its anti-angiogenic activity, there has been an interest in testing IL-12 as a possible anti-cancer drug. However, it has not been shown to have substantial activity in the tumors tested to this date. There is a link that may be useful in treatment between IL-12 and the diseases psoriasis & inflammatory bowel disease. There has also been research indicating that interleukin 12 is linked with interleukin 23 and antibodies against these factors have a possible role in creating an anti-inflammatory effect in inflammatory bowel disease.
Source:	HEK293
Storage:	Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20℃ to -80℃ It is recommended that aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Reconstitution:	Reconstitute at 250 μg/ml in sterile water.

	Fig1: Protein on SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) condition.
	Fig2: Measured by its ability to enhance IFN-gamma secretion in NK-92 human natural killer lymphoma cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.5-2 ng/mL.